Newcomers Settling the West in the Nineteenth Century essays

Newcomers Settling the West in the Nineteenth Century essays In the eyes of the early American colonists and the founders of the Constitution, the United States was to represent the ideals of acceptance and tolerance to those of all walks of life. When the immigration rush began in the mid-1800s, America proved to be everything but that. The millions of settlers would soon realize the meaning of hardship and rejection as newcomers, as they attempted to assimilate into American culture. For countless settlers, the struggle to arrive in America was rivaled only by the struggle to gain acceptance among the existing American population. First of all, between 1880 and 1920 almost twenty-four million settlers came to the United States. Between better salaries, religious freedom, and a chance to get ahead in life, were more than enough reasons for leaving their homelands for America. Because of poverty, no future and various discrimination in their homelands, the incentive to leave was increasing. During the mid-1800s and early 1900s, the labor and f arm hands in Eastern Europe were only earning very little money. Those lower wage earners in their homeland were stuck in lowest paid jobs and had no chances to upgrade themselves. Many left their homelands in search of a better life and soon, word got out on how great things were in America. The job recruiters form America hung posters and told stories about free land, a lot of opportunities to work for good money, and above all, the freedom to do as they wish. Many were aspired to come to the land of honey where all the streets were paved with gold." Fueled by the news of the California Gold Rush, they arrived in America looking to strike it rich with hopes of being able to send money back to their poor rural homes, or of returning to their country in a few years with newly acquired wealth. One of the largest groups ever to immigrate to the United States was the Chinese. In 1842 the British Empire defeated China in the first O...

Analysing Biopower And Agency Linked To Euthanasia Philosophy Essay

Analysing Biopower And Agency Linked To Euthanasia Philosophy Essay Human life can be perceived as a way of being that ensures autonomy upon the physical body. However, state authority, surveillance and law are moderating this individual freedom and moral decision-making. Nowadays, euthanasia remains a highly controversial and sensitive medical and ethical issue. My research and final thesis for the master will focus on the narratives of people, residing in houses for the elderly in Antwerp, Belgium. Emphasis is placed on whether upcoming media interest in euthanasia influences elderly thoughts and decision making regarding assisted suicide. Wishes about end-of-life decisions, opinions of relatives and law interpretations of medical practitioners are being investigated in this study. And finally the way government’s authority influences people’s agency in end-of-life decision making. With this paper, I intend to widen my knowledge of two main anthropological topics linked to the subject of euthanasia, namely biopower and agency. Biopol itics concern the political implications of social and biological facts and phenomena, with political choice and action directly afflicting all aspects of human life. Agency, on the other hand, can be seen as an alternative attempt to maintain autonomy in one’s own life and death, under the influence of the state’s disciplining interference. Both forms of power are studied in this paper, and their interrelationship is critically viewed. Keywords: Biopolitics, Agency, Power, Health, Ethics 2. The history of biopower In Foucault’s The Birth of Biopolitics (Lectures at the College de France, 1978-1979), an analysis of liberalism and neoliberalism as forms of biopolitics is presented. According to Foucault, biopower can be perceived as a technology of power, intending to manage individuals as a group. This political technology differentiates because of its ability to control populations as a whole, and is thus essential to the development of modern capitalism (Fouca ult, 2008). This shift from the managing and micro-controlling of individuals to disciplining a population emerged in the eighteenth-century. Even though this seems as an opportunity to gain more natural rights and liberty for individuals, this liberal government no longer limits state power because of the incompatible tension between freedom and security (Foucault, 2008, McSweeney, 2010). As Foucault argued, liberalism concerns the biopolitical. For liberalism promotes an imagined self-governing of life through a certain capture and disciplining of natural forces of aggression and desire within the framework of a cultural game, governed by civil conventions and instituted laws (Foucault, 2004). In this conception, ‘life is as much of a cultural construct as is law, although the naturalness of life, thought of as innately self-regulating, is always insinuated. Both in economics and in politics, liberalism rejoice in an order that is supposed to emerge naturally from the clash of passions themselves (Milbank, 2008: 2).’ Rabinow and Rose seek to enlighten the developments in Foucault’s concept of biopower, which ‘serves to bring into view a field comprised of more or less rationalized attempts to intervene upon the vital characteristics of human existence (Rabinow, 2006: 196-197).’ Foucault distinguishes two poles of biopower: the first one focuses on an anatomo-politics of the human body, seeking to maximize its forces and integrate it into efficient systems. The second pole entails biopolitics of the population, focusing on the species body, the body imbued with the mechanisms of life: birth, morbidity, mortality and longevity (Rose, 2007: 53). Thus, according to Rabinow and Rose, ‘we can use the term ‘biopolitics’ to embrace all the specific strategies and contestations over problematizations of collective human vitality, morbidity and mortality; over the forms of knowledge, regimes of authority and practice s of intervention that are desirable, legitimate and efficacious (Rabinow, 2006: 197).’

Final Exam Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Final Exam - Coursework Example Since the northern states had more private wealth of their own, the southern government had to borrow money from them and help restore their economy (Knowles & Healey, 2006). By the time the civil war was coming to an end, the value of the Confederate dollar had really dropped in comparison to the Union money. Life became so expensive in the south and people started starving due the inflation of the price of even basic needs including food commodities. Slavery was also legalized with most slaves being African Americans who worked nonstop in their employers’ cotton. With the slaves no longer available, it meant that no more cotton was being produced hence no income from it (Harris, 2008). In the political realm, southern leaders came back to the Washington capital and the federal government controlled each of the southern sates one by one. Abraham Lincoln initialized strategic plans for reconstructing the southern states. In the year 1865, he introduced a bureau that gave the once slaves a right to get educated, be employed with better jobs and get good healthcare. An amendment was also introduced that totally did away with the once legalized slavery. On my own individual account, I would have liked to live from the years 1866 onwards due to the good leadership implemented by Lincoln because there were job opportunities, good healthcare facilities and also the southern and northern states were united (Gillman, 2002). In the 20th century, the U.S historical course changed whereby a great industrial revolution took place, to the extent of becoming the best in the world in terms of industrial management and output. Availability of land, labour, natural resources, capital and good transport networks lead to production and transport of many goods and services that increased the annual income of the citizens after the previous inflation. The present-day America has got large and

Sustainability as a source of competitive advantage in the hospitality Dissertation

Sustainability as a source of competitive advantage in the hospitality industry - Dissertation Example This is not to say that hotel patronage is solely determined by tourist take-up rates, because there is a significant amount of business that is generated by customers whose trips are related to business. Good examples of these are regional conventions or other such gatherings where a good number of participants come from distant locations, and need to stay over at hotels. Other than these, however, tourists typically stay for longer periods of time and more benefited from the hotel’s services and amenities. Because of the contracting revenues as a result of the economic crisis, hotels feel the need to develop new, non-traditional sources of competitive advantage. Simultaneous with this need is the challenge posed to business and industry to reduce emission levels as well as their environmental footprints. 1.2 Statement of the problem The tourism and hospitality industry is one of those industries particularly suited to usher in economic progress for most developing countries. It is also poised to be the industry that jumpstarts the ailing economies for those developed countries severely impacted by the global recession. Since sustainability is a major issue in the selection of hotels by visiting tourists, and inasmuch as travellers’ first act in booking a hotel is to learn about it from its website, the projection of sustainability through the website gains paramount importance for the business. The problem this research seeks to address may thus be stated as: How does sustainability applied by hotel companies impact on customer satisfaction? 1.3 Purpose of the study The purpose of undertaking the research is to discover and analyse the predominant environmental sustainability policies and practices disclosed by hotel companies as experienced by their customers. Since visitors to hotels are diverse and ha ve different needs and expectations, the current â€Å"greening† of hotel accommodations and amenities would tend to impact them in different ways, some favourably and some unfavourably. Those customers who understand and support the global need for sustainability will tend to approve of and support the present efforts in the hotel industry to install more environment-friendly amenities. However, those for whom sustainability is not an important consideration may be indifferent to the changes, and maybe even resentful of the added costs entailed, or the feeling of displacement due to the adoption of more efficient, cost-saving features. This study is informed by academic literature on customer acceptance and preferences for sustainable hotel services, and elements of customer satisfaction in the hotel industry. The study by Millar and Baloglu (2008) on hotel guests’ preferences for green hotel attributes, and that of Dominici and Guzzo (2010) on customer satisfaction i n the hotel industry in general, provided the theoretical framework for the study. 1.4 Objectives of the study In order to provide the best possible conclusion to the research problem, the following objectives have been identified which the study hopes to attain: 1.4.1 To identify the elements of sustainability relevant to hotel companies; 1.4.2 To analyse the sustainability attributes of hotel companies’ services as perceived and experienced by hotel guests; 1.4.3 To analyse elements of sustainability that impact upon customer satisfaction in the hotel industry; and 1.4.4 To determine market directions in the demand for

Analysis of The Stronger by August Strindberg Essay -- Performance Art

The Stronger by August Strindberg is a play that is filled with irony. One of the first things noticed in this play is that the characters have no names, nor are they labeled by any type of status. Rather than having names like most plays, the two characters are differentiated by the letters "X" and "Y." Another ironic thing about this play, is how it is written; the dialogue of the play is not evenly spoken. Instead of the two characters conversing between one another, the play is written almost like a monologue where only Mrs. X speaks. Because Mrs. X is the only speaker, one would think that she is "the stronger," but ironically, she is not. One reason Mrs. X is not thought to be the stronger is that she goes back to her husband after she concludes that an affair had existed ironically thinking that the affair will not disable her marriage. The play implies that Mrs. X believes that the affair has and will somehow continue to make her marriage stronger. She says, "that only gave me a stronger hold on my husband," but actually her knowledge of the affair will eventually weaken the relationship. Knowing that her trust has been abused will normally cause her to question her husband's devotion: Were there other affairs? Is he cheating now? If so, is she someone I know? If not, will he cheat again? These are possible questions that will remain unanswered because Mrs. X has no intention of confronting her husband. This is a fact because in the last line of the play Mrs. X says, "Now I am going home - to love him." This quote also makes it seem like she is going home to live her normal life as if the affair never occurred, but making herself believe that it has disappeared will not solve anything. She believes th... ...would one put oneself in the situation to be vulnerable to such false mentality? It is because emotionally Mrs. X is weak, so to protect herself from any pain, she thinks of a way to logically persuade her mind and her emotions that she is the stronger, but she is not. Mrs. X can not be the stronger because Miss Y clearly shows more strength by saying nothing. Miss Y shows this strength by simply sitting there enduring Mrs. X's accusations and abuse. She sat there and faced it all when she could have easily matched Mrs. X's actions. Miss Y could have refused to listen to Mrs. X's accusations, or she could have made a scene by responding to Mrs. X's abuse. Instead of showing signs weakness, Miss Y chose to say nothing because there really was nothing that could be said to make the situation any better. By choosing to do so, Miss Y proves that she is the stronger.

Dangerous Technology

English 1010 5 October 2012 Dangerous Technology Many people have one. Some have more than one. Odds are pretty good that yours is within reaching distance right now. â€Å"What is it? †, you may ask. The answer is simple: the almighty cell phone. Although cell phones allow easy and quick communication, they are starting to create problems in today’s society: they distract drivers, they interrupt social interaction, and society is unaware of any long term medical issues they could create. One of the most dangerous issues with cell phones is people using them while driving. A distracted driver is a dangerous driver.If someone is reading or sending a text, or even talking on the phone, they are not paying full attention to the road, making it hazardous for themselves and those around them. It has become enough of an issue that many states have passed laws that make using a cell phone while operating a motor vehicle illegal. It is a severe issue with inexperienced drivers, who need as few distractions as possible. Many schools are even stepping up and asking students to pledge not to use their cell phones while driving. Although they are an amazing piece of technology, they are beginning to create social barriers in today’s society.They allow us to always be connected to one another, which is creating a social dependency on being connected. Cell phones are replacing face to face communication. There’s no need to make time in our schedules for people we consider important because they are just a text message away. Many people can’t go without their phones for fear of missing out. It’s like an unspoken anxiety problem. Because of this dependency, cell phones are becoming distractions in social settings. So much that even movie theatres ask their guest to please silence or turn off their cell phones for the presentation.There are some who can’t even be without them to watch a ninety minute movie, for which they paid a pretty penny to see. Just as there are some who can’t make it through dinner with friends without making a call, checking their messages, or even utilizing them for social media sites. At the first hint of boredom in a social setting, people turn to their phones to find a source of entertainment. We’re becoming a society addicted to technology. Cell phones are a fairly new technology really. We do not know if there are long-term, adverse effects of carrying around something that receives and emits satellite signals.They are electronic devices, meaning they emit electricity. Electronic devices are known to produce electromagnetic radiation, something often linked to cancer and tumors. Granted, currently there is no proof directly linking cell phones to cancer. This is just one of issues with cell phones we should be weary of. It’s a potential wolf in sheep’s skin, if you will. Cell phones are seemingly harmless, but who is to say that in another twenty yea rs or so there won’t be widespread cases of cancers all linked to consistent, direct contact of electromagnetic radiation.In conclusion, cell phones are an amazing piece of technology that need to be used more cautiously. Countless vehicle accidents occur every year due to a driver who was distracted by his or her cell phone. Society should learn to make more time for interpersonal relationships, instead of depending on a piece of technology to communicate. Lastly, we should be weary of the effects that could come from carrying around electromagnetic radiation for extended periods of time.

Drug Courts - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1329 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Topics: Drugs Essay Did you like this example? Drug Courts Introduction Drug courts merge treatment with sanctions and incentives. Sanctions comprise compulsory, in addition to, random testing of drug of the offender. Drug courts are an established instrument for improving public health in addition to safety of public. They offer a pioneering means for association amid the prosecutors, judiciary, law enforcement and additional agencies of community corrections, providers of drug treatment and support groups of community. The efficiency of these courts is fine documented ever since they initially started working in the USA 25 years ago. In a instance of restricted resources for state and local budgets, drug courts present a cost efficient means to enhance the chances for the nonviolent criminal to attain constant recovery, in that way lessening recidivism for the offender. The movements of drug court commenced in the 1980s as a retort to the rising figure of drug cases bring before the court. Correctio ns and Law enforcement agencies policies only were not having the outcome on the drug trade that advocates of the war on drugs had expected for. Chief judge of Floridaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s administrative order from in 1989 executed the first drug court in the USA. (Engen, Steen (2000). The duty of the prosecuting lawyer is to safeguard the safety of publicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s by making certain that every applicant is suitable for the program and comply with all requirements of drug court. The duty of the defense counsel is to safeguard the due process rights of participantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s whilst encouraging complete participation. Both the defense counsel and the prosecuting attorney play significant functions in the coordinated strategy of courts for responding to nonconformity. A precise drug program of testing is the mainly objective and competent means to institute a structure for responsibility and to measure progress of each offender participantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s. Drug testing outcomes are objective evaluations of treatment efficiency, in addition to a resource of significant information for periodic appraisal of progress of treatment. Drug testing is vital to the monitoring of participant compliance by the drug court. It is equally cost-effective and objective. It provides the participant instant information concerning their individual progress, making the participant vigorous and implicated in the process of treatment to a certain extent than a inactive receiver of services. (Belenko (2000). In 25 years ever since the initial Drug Court was established, there has been additional published research on the outcomes of drug courts than on any additional program of criminal justice. The research conclusion is that drug courts effort superior to prison jail, Improved than treatment and probation alone. Drug Courts considerably decrease use of drug and or crime rate and are additional lucrative than any additional strategy of criminal justice. Cou ntrywide, 75% of graduates of Drug Court continue arrest-free as a minimum 2 years subsequent to leaving the program. Drug courts decrease recidivism, expenditures of accommodation of nonviolent drug offenders in prisons, and have an effect on other constructive results. The sum of a impact of court depends on how fine the offenders and staff needs are fair with the components and policies of drug court. A sturdy affiliation with local law enforcement is a decisive constituent of a thriving drug court. Officers of Law enforcement offer an exclusive viewpoint and help to judges and staff of drug court. Law enforcement can advance recommendations to the court and broaden the association of the team of drug court into the community for additional gathering of information and scrutinizing of offenders. Personnel of Law enforcement play significant functions not only in the everyday operations of the drug court, other than as well in showing additional community leaders the public sec urity outcome of these courts. Drug courts directed to additional proficient administration of offenders existing in the society, more reliability is specified to arrests of drug offenders by law enforcement, which are taken additional critically by court systems, superior responsibility is provided to the offender with fulfilling with their provisions of release and probation, superior management and responsibility of public services offered, together with reducing replication of costs and services to the taxpayer, and additional effectiveness for the court system by remove cases that positions major resource demands for dealing out, both primarily in addition to with probation infringements and fresh offenses that or else would take place. Drug courts offer a commanding impact since of the human component. Secure to 100,000 dependent drug offenders have gone through programs of drug court ever since drug courts were executed and above 70% are either yet enrolled or have grad uated, additional than twofold the rate of conventional retention rates of treatment program. Participants of Drug court replicate all sections of the society, from populace who are parents of minor kids, to veterans. In the past men was the main segment of offenders as evaluated to women, even though the rate of participants of female is rising. The majority participants of drug court have been utilizing drugs for many, several years, and several are users of further than one sort of drug. The majority have never been exposed to treatment formerly, even though a large preponderance of men and women have previously served prison or jail time for offenses related to drug. (Belenko, S. (2000). The objectives of drug courts, decrease in recidivism and usage of drug, are being accomplished. Rates of Recidivism have been considerably decreased for graduates and, to a minor degree, for those participants who do not graduate. Rates of Drug usage for offenders whilst they partake in the drug court are calculated by recurrent, random analyses, which are needed of every participant in the program, are as well considerably reduced radically underneath that for offenders of nondrug court. (Marlowe (2006). Recognizing that addiction of substance is a recurring and chronic disorder, the program of drug court sustains incessant supervision above the process of recovery of every participant, in the course of recurrent court hearings status, analysis, and reports from the providers of treatment to the supervise judge. Usage of drug or failures to conform to additional conditions of the program of drug court are noticed and retorted to on time. Instantaneous responses range from improved treatment services, additional recurrent analysis, obligation of community service conditions, and shock imprisonment are a few of the options judges of drug court make use of to act in response to program nonconformity. In suitable situations, predominantly where public security is at is sue or participants deliberately fall short to conform to program conditions, the offenders are terminated from the program of drug court and are referred for customary adjudication, where normal penalties are functional. Reported Data by the oldest drug courts point out that drug use is being decreased for the majority participants, not just graduates of drug court. Conclusions The results of drug courts are attaining far further than the objectives of decreased recidivism and drug usage on the other hand, the birth of drug free persons to participant of drug court , the reunification of many families as parents recover or are capable to maintain guardianship of their children, vocational and education training, in addition to placements of job for participants. More considerably, a lot of the judges who have served as the judge of drug court have appealed an expansion of their assignment, and several have taken on the drug court responsibility as well as their additional doc ket everyday jobs. (Egbert, Church II, Byrnes (2006). References R. L. Engen, , Steen, (2000). The Power to Punish: Discretion and Sentencing Reform in the War on Drugs(1).(Statistical Data Included), The American Journal of Sociology(Vol. 105, pp. 1357-1395). Susan C Egbert,.; Church II, T. Wesley; Edward C Byrnes, [2006] Justice and Treatment Collaboration: A Process Evaluation of a Drug Court: Best Practice in Mental Health;Winter2006, Vol. 2 Issue Academic Journal D. B.,Marlowe, D. S., Lee, P. A., Festinger, K. L., Dugosh, K. M Benasutti,. (2006). Matching judicial supervision to clientsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ risk status in Drug Court. Crime Delinquency, 52,52-76  · Steven Belenko, Jeffrey A. Fagan Tamara Dumanovsky [200] The Effects of Legal Sanctions on Recidivism in Special Drug Courts, Justice System Journal Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Drug Courts" essay for you Create order